Spam campaigns can have several negative consequences. Firstly, they can damage the sender’s email deliverability rates, as email service providers (ESPs) may blacklist domains associated with spam. Secondly, recipients may mark these emails as spam, which further reduces the likelihood of future emails reaching the inbox. Thirdly, spam campaigns can lead to legal repercussions under laws like the CAN-SPAM Act in the US and the GDPR in the EU.