DBAs use a variety of tools and technologies to manage email marketing databases, including: - Database Management Systems (DBMS): Software like MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Server. - Data Integration Tools: Tools like Apache Nifi and Talend to integrate data from various sources. - Performance Monitoring Tools: Applications like SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer and Redgate SQL Monitor to keep an eye on performance metrics. - Security Tools: Solutions like DBEncrypt and IBM Guardium to secure data.